"Pest" meaning in All languages combined

See Pest on Wiktionary

Proper name [English]

IPA: /pɛst/, /pɛʃt/ Forms: Pesth [alternative, obsolete]
Rhymes: -ɛst, -ɛʃt Etymology: From Hungarian Pest, ultimately from Old Church Slavonic пещь (peštĭ, “furnace, oven”). Compare German Ofen (“Buda”, literally “oven”). Etymology templates: {{bor|en|hu|Pest}} Hungarian Pest, {{der|en|cu|пещь||furnace, oven}} Old Church Slavonic пещь (peštĭ, “furnace, oven”), {{ncog|de|Ofen||Buda|lit=oven}} German Ofen (“Buda”, literally “oven”) Head templates: {{en-proper noun}} Pest
  1. (historical) One of the originally three separate cities that were united in 1873 to become the Hungarian capital, Budapest. Tags: historical Coordinate_terms: Buda, Óbuda
    Sense id: en-Pest-en-name-vAHGtMIJ Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Terms with German translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Marathi translations, Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations, Terms with Turkish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 73 19 8 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 73 15 12 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 69 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 89 3 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Marathi translations: 59 21 20 Disambiguation of Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations: 48 27 26 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 59 21 20
  2. The corresponding part of the current-day city of Budapest, on the eastern side of the Danube. Categories (place): Places in Budapest, Places in Hungary Coordinate_terms: Buda Translations (area of Budapest — see also Budapest): Pest (German), Pest (Hungarian), पेश्त (peśta) (Marathi), پشته (Peşte) (Ottoman Turkish), Peşte (Turkish)
    Sense id: en-Pest-en-name-vLjKa4Eq Disambiguation of 'area of Budapest — see also Budapest': 22 47 31
  3. A county in central Hungary, surrounding Budapest. Categories (place): Counties of Hungary, Places in Hungary
    Sense id: en-Pest-en-name-wqPKaBCf

Proper name [German]

IPA: /pɛst/, /pɛʃt/ Forms: Pests [genitive], Pest [genitive, with-article]
Head templates: {{de-proper noun|toponym}} Pest n (proper noun, genitive Pests or (optionally with an article) Pest)
  1. Pest (a quarter in Budapest, Hungary) Tags: neuter, proper-noun Categories (place): Places in Budapest, Places in Hungary
    Sense id: en-Pest-de-name-lGN-QYgD
  2. Pest (a county of Hungary) Tags: neuter, proper-noun Categories (place): Counties of Hungary, Places in Hungary
    Sense id: en-Pest-de-name-V1JeYjDg
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun [German]

IPA: /pɛst/ Audio: De-Pest.ogg
Rhymes: -ɛst Etymology: 16th century, from Latin pestis, in part through Middle French peste. Popular shortening of Middle High German pestilencie (14th c.), from related Latin pestilentia, may also have contributed (though this is impossible to prove). Etymology templates: {{bor|de|la|pestis}} Latin pestis, {{der|de|frm|peste}} Middle French peste, {{cog|gmh|pestilencie}} Middle High German pestilencie, {{m+|la|pestilentia}} Latin pestilentia Head templates: {{de-noun|f,en􂀿rare􂁀}} Pest f (genitive Pest, plural (rare) Pesten) Inflection templates: {{de-ndecl|f,en􂀿rare􂁀}} Forms: Pest [genitive], Pesten [plural, rare], no-table-tags [table-tags], Pest [nominative, singular], Pesten [definite, nominative, plural, rare], Pest [genitive, singular], Pesten [definite, genitive, plural, rare], Pest [dative, singular], Pesten [dative, definite, plural, rare], Pest [accusative, singular], Pesten [accusative, definite, plural, rare]
  1. (usually definite) bubonic plague, the plague Tags: definite, feminine, usually Synonyms: Beulenpest, Schwarzer Tod Related terms: Pestilenz
    Sense id: en-Pest-de-noun-QJP59sL5 Categories (other): Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries, German entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 13 4 3 3 1 25 6 15 2 8 4 3 13 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 12 2 2 2 1 33 8 10 1 8 2 2 16 Disambiguation of German entries with incorrect language header: 2 2 63 16 17 1 Derived forms: Beulenpest, Geflügelpest, Hühnerpest, Lungenpest, Ölpest, pestartig, Pestbeule, Pestepidemie, Rinderpest, Schweinepest, verpesten
  2. (in compounds) any of various unrelated epidemic diseases affecting animals Tags: feminine, in-compounds Hyponyms: Geflügelpest, Hasenpest, Rinderpest, Schweinepest
    Sense id: en-Pest-de-noun-oZNOnbyl
  3. (figurative) anything that negatively affects vast areas, especially a natural disaster Tags: feminine, figuratively Synonyms: Seuche, Plage
    Sense id: en-Pest-de-noun-rcUK2QcB
  4. (figurative, informal) anything terrible or odious Tags: feminine, figuratively, informal
    Sense id: en-Pest-de-noun-snez6wC4
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Proper name [Hungarian]

IPA: [ˈpɛʃt]
Rhymes: -ɛʃt Etymology: Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic пещь (peštĭ, “furnace, oven”), from Proto-Slavic *peťь. Etymology templates: {{bor+|hu|cu|пещь||furnace, oven}} Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic пещь (peštĭ, “furnace, oven”), {{der|hu|sla-pro|*peťь}} Proto-Slavic *peťь Head templates: {{head|hu|proper noun}} Pest Inflection templates: {{hu-infl-nom|Peste|e|n=sg}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], Pest [nominative, singular], - [nominative, plural], Pestet [accusative, singular], - [accusative, plural], Pestnek [dative, singular], - [dative, plural], Pesttel [instrumental, singular], - [instrumental, plural], Pestért [causal-final, singular], - [causal-final, plural], Pestté [singular, translative], - [plural, translative], Pestig [singular, terminative], - [plural, terminative], Pestként [essive-formal, singular], - [essive-formal, plural], - [essive-modal, singular], - [essive-modal, plural], Pestben [inessive, singular], - [inessive, plural], Pesten [singular, superessive], - [plural, superessive], Pestnél [adessive, singular], - [adessive, plural], Pestbe [illative, singular], - [illative, plural], Pestre [singular, sublative], - [plural, sublative], Pesthez [allative, singular], - [allative, plural], Pestből [elative, singular], - [elative, plural], Pestről [delative, singular], - [delative, plural], Pesttől [ablative, singular], - [ablative, plural], Pesté [error-unrecognized-form, singular], - [error-unrecognized-form, plural], Pestéi [error-unrecognized-form, singular], no-table-tags [table-tags], Pestem [first-person, possessed-single, possessive, singular], - [first-person, possessed-many, possessive, singular], Pested [possessed-single, possessive, second-person, singular], - [possessed-many, possessive, second-person, singular], Pestje [possessed-single, possessive, singular, third-person], - [possessed-many, possessive, singular, third-person], Pestünk [first-person, plural, possessed-single, possessive], - [first-person, plural, possessed-many, possessive], Pestetek [plural, possessed-single, possessive, second-person], - [plural, possessed-many, possessive, second-person], Pestjük [plural, possessed-single, possessive, third-person], - [plural, possessed-many, possessive, third-person]
  1. (historical) One of the originally three separate cities that were united in 1873 to become the Hungarian capital, Budapest. Tags: historical Derived forms: pesti
    Sense id: en-Pest-hu-name-vAHGtMIJ Categories (other): Hungarian entries with incorrect language header, Hungarian links with redundant alt parameters, Hungarian links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Hungarian entries with incorrect language header: 64 3 3 30 Disambiguation of Hungarian links with redundant alt parameters: 75 4 4 17 Disambiguation of Hungarian links with redundant wikilinks: 72 4 4 21
  2. The corresponding part of current-day Budapest, on the eastern side of the Danube. Categories (place): Places in Budapest, Places in Hungary Coordinate_terms: Buda
    Sense id: en-Pest-hu-name-UeLmXZOT
  3. (informal, loosely) ellipsis of Budapest Tags: abbreviation, alt-of, broadly, ellipsis, informal Alternative form of: Budapest
    Sense id: en-Pest-hu-name-1Rv6Upq9 Categories (other): Hungarian ellipses
  4. an administrative county in central Hungary, surrounding Budapest, often meant to exclude the capital itself. Categories (place): Counties of Hungary, Places in Hungary Derived forms (Compound words): Kispest, Újpest
    Sense id: en-Pest-hu-name-k4u-OjV8 Disambiguation of 'Compound words': 31 8 6 56

Noun [Hunsrik]

IPA: /ˈpʰeʃt/
Rhymes: -eʃt Head templates: {{hrx-noun|f}} Pest f
  1. plague Tags: feminine
    Sense id: en-Pest-hrx-noun-KvPexLJp Categories (other): Hunsrik entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "hu",
        "3": "Pest"
      },
      "expansion": "Hungarian Pest",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cu",
        "3": "пещь",
        "4": "",
        "5": "furnace, oven"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic пещь (peštĭ, “furnace, oven”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Ofen",
        "3": "",
        "4": "Buda",
        "lit": "oven"
      },
      "expansion": "German Ofen (“Buda”, literally “oven”)",
      "name": "ncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Hungarian Pest, ultimately from Old Church Slavonic пещь (peštĭ, “furnace, oven”). Compare German Ofen (“Buda”, literally “oven”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Pesth",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Pest",
      "name": "en-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "73 19 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "73 15 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "69 19 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "89 3 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 21 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Marathi translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 27 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 21 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "coordinate_terms": [
        {
          "word": "Buda"
        },
        {
          "word": "Óbuda"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One of the originally three separate cities that were united in 1873 to become the Hungarian capital, Budapest."
      ],
      "id": "en-Pest-en-name-vAHGtMIJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "separate",
          "separate"
        ],
        [
          "cities",
          "city"
        ],
        [
          "Hungarian",
          "Hungarian"
        ],
        [
          "capital",
          "capital"
        ],
        [
          "Budapest",
          "Budapest"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) One of the originally three separate cities that were united in 1873 to become the Hungarian capital, Budapest."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Places in Budapest",
          "orig": "en:Places in Budapest",
          "parents": [
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Places in Hungary",
          "orig": "en:Places in Hungary",
          "parents": [
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "coordinate_terms": [
        {
          "word": "Buda"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              162,
              166
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2014 January 30, Seth Kugel, “Wintertime Bargains in Budapest”, in The New York Times:",
          "text": "On a drizzly mid-January evening, I stood at the arches of the wall of Buda Castle, overlooking the Danube and the 19th-century Chain Bridge that links Buda with Pest.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The corresponding part of the current-day city of Budapest, on the eastern side of the Danube."
      ],
      "id": "en-Pest-en-name-vLjKa4Eq",
      "links": [
        [
          "Budapest",
          "Budapest#English"
        ],
        [
          "Danube",
          "Danube"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "22 47 31",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "area of Budapest — see also Budapest",
          "word": "Pest"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "22 47 31",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "lang_code": "hu",
          "sense": "area of Budapest — see also Budapest",
          "word": "Pest"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "22 47 31",
          "code": "mr",
          "lang": "Marathi",
          "lang_code": "mr",
          "roman": "peśta",
          "sense": "area of Budapest — see also Budapest",
          "word": "पेश्त"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "22 47 31",
          "code": "ota",
          "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
          "lang_code": "ota",
          "roman": "Peşte",
          "sense": "area of Budapest — see also Budapest",
          "word": "پشته"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "22 47 31",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "lang_code": "tr",
          "sense": "area of Budapest — see also Budapest",
          "word": "Peşte"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Counties of Hungary",
          "orig": "en:Counties of Hungary",
          "parents": [
            "Counties",
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Places in Hungary",
          "orig": "en:Places in Hungary",
          "parents": [
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A county in central Hungary, surrounding Budapest."
      ],
      "id": "en-Pest-en-name-wqPKaBCf",
      "links": [
        [
          "county",
          "county"
        ],
        [
          "Hungary",
          "Hungary#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛst/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛʃt/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛst"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛʃt"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "pest"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Pest"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "pestis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pestis",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "peste"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French peste",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmh",
        "2": "pestilencie"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German pestilencie",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pestilentia"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pestilentia",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "16th century, from Latin pestis, in part through Middle French peste. Popular shortening of Middle High German pestilencie (14th c.), from related Latin pestilentia, may also have contributed (though this is impossible to prove).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Pest",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pesten",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "de-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pesten",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pesten",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pesten",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "plural",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pesten",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f,en􂀿rare􂁀"
      },
      "expansion": "Pest f (genitive Pest, plural (rare) Pesten)",
      "name": "de-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f,en􂀿rare􂁀"
      },
      "name": "de-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 4 3 3 1 25 6 15 2 8 4 3 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 2 2 2 1 33 8 10 1 8 2 2 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 2 63 16 17 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4 0",
          "word": "Beulenpest"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4 0",
          "word": "Geflügelpest"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4 0",
          "word": "Hühnerpest"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4 0",
          "word": "Lungenpest"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4 0",
          "word": "Ölpest"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4 0",
          "word": "pestartig"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4 0",
          "word": "Pestbeule"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4 0",
          "word": "Pestepidemie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4 0",
          "word": "Rinderpest"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4 0",
          "word": "Schweinepest"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4 0",
          "word": "verpesten"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              10
            ]
          ],
          "english": "The plague devastated especially towns and cities.",
          "text": "Die Pest wütete besonders in den Städten.",
          "translation": "The plague devastated especially towns and cities.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bubonic plague, the plague"
      ],
      "id": "en-Pest-de-noun-QJP59sL5",
      "links": [
        [
          "bubonic plague",
          "bubonic plague"
        ],
        [
          "plague",
          "plague"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(usually definite) bubonic plague, the plague"
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "_dis1": "92 4 4 0",
          "word": "Pestilenz"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "Beulenpest"
        },
        {
          "word": "Schwarzer Tod"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "feminine",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "any of various unrelated epidemic diseases affecting animals"
      ],
      "hyponyms": [
        {
          "word": "Geflügelpest"
        },
        {
          "word": "Hasenpest"
        },
        {
          "word": "Rinderpest"
        },
        {
          "word": "Schweinepest"
        }
      ],
      "id": "en-Pest-de-noun-oZNOnbyl",
      "links": [
        [
          "epidemic",
          "epidemic"
        ],
        [
          "disease",
          "disease"
        ],
        [
          "animal",
          "animal"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in compounds) any of various unrelated epidemic diseases affecting animals"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "in-compounds"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              2,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "english": "oil spill",
          "text": "Ölpest",
          "translation": "oil spill",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              6,
              10
            ]
          ],
          "english": "drug plague",
          "text": "Drogenpest",
          "translation": "drug plague",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "anything that negatively affects vast areas, especially a natural disaster"
      ],
      "id": "en-Pest-de-noun-rcUK2QcB",
      "links": [
        [
          "natural",
          "natural"
        ],
        [
          "disaster",
          "disaster"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) anything that negatively affects vast areas, especially a natural disaster"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "Seuche"
        },
        {
          "word": "Plage"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              18
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              18,
              22
            ]
          ],
          "english": "a choice between the devil and the deep blue sea",
          "literal_meaning": "between the plague and cholera",
          "text": "die Wahl zwischen Pest und Cholera",
          "translation": "a choice between the devil and the deep blue sea",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              26,
              32
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              24,
              28
            ]
          ],
          "english": "That’s something I really loathe.",
          "literal_meaning": "something I hate like the plague.",
          "text": "Sowas hasse ich wie die Pest.",
          "translation": "That’s something I really loathe.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "anything terrible or odious"
      ],
      "id": "en-Pest-de-noun-snez6wC4",
      "links": [
        [
          "terrible",
          "terrible"
        ],
        [
          "odious",
          "odious"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative, informal) anything terrible or odious"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "figuratively",
        "informal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛst/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-Pest.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/De-Pest.ogg/De-Pest.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/De-Pest.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛst"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Pest"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Pests",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pest",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "with-article"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "toponym"
      },
      "expansion": "Pest n (proper noun, genitive Pests or (optionally with an article) Pest)",
      "name": "de-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "de",
          "name": "Places in Budapest",
          "orig": "de:Places in Budapest",
          "parents": [
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "de",
          "name": "Places in Hungary",
          "orig": "de:Places in Hungary",
          "parents": [
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Pest (a quarter in Budapest, Hungary)"
      ],
      "id": "en-Pest-de-name-lGN-QYgD",
      "links": [
        [
          "Pest",
          "Pest#English"
        ],
        [
          "Budapest",
          "Budapest#English"
        ],
        [
          "Hungary",
          "Hungary#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "proper-noun"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "de",
          "name": "Counties of Hungary",
          "orig": "de:Counties of Hungary",
          "parents": [
            "Counties",
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "de",
          "name": "Places in Hungary",
          "orig": "de:Places in Hungary",
          "parents": [
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Pest (a county of Hungary)"
      ],
      "id": "en-Pest-de-name-V1JeYjDg",
      "links": [
        [
          "Pest",
          "Pest#English"
        ],
        [
          "county",
          "county"
        ],
        [
          "Hungary",
          "Hungary#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "proper-noun"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛst/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛʃt/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Pest"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hu",
        "2": "cu",
        "3": "пещь",
        "4": "",
        "5": "furnace, oven"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic пещь (peštĭ, “furnace, oven”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hu",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*peťь"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *peťь",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic пещь (peštĭ, “furnace, oven”), from Proto-Slavic *peťь.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hu-infl-nom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestet",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestnek",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pesttel",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestért",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "causal-final",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "causal-final",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestté",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestig",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestként",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive-formal",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive-formal",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive-modal",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive-modal",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestben",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pesten",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "superessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "superessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestnél",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestbe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "sublative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "sublative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pesthez",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestből",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestről",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "delative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "delative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pesttől",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pesté",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestéi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pested",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestje",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestünk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestetek",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestjük",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hu",
        "2": "proper noun"
      },
      "expansion": "Pest",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "Pest"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Peste",
        "2": "e",
        "n": "sg"
      },
      "name": "hu-infl-nom"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Hungarian",
  "lang_code": "hu",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "64 3 3 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "75 4 4 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Hungarian links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "72 4 4 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Hungarian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "_dis1": "44 17 25 14",
          "word": "pesti"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One of the originally three separate cities that were united in 1873 to become the Hungarian capital, Budapest."
      ],
      "id": "en-Pest-hu-name-vAHGtMIJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "Budapest",
          "Budapest"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) One of the originally three separate cities that were united in 1873 to become the Hungarian capital, Budapest."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "hu",
          "name": "Places in Budapest",
          "orig": "hu:Places in Budapest",
          "parents": [
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "hu",
          "name": "Places in Hungary",
          "orig": "hu:Places in Hungary",
          "parents": [
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "coordinate_terms": [
        {
          "word": "Buda"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The corresponding part of current-day Budapest, on the eastern side of the Danube."
      ],
      "id": "en-Pest-hu-name-UeLmXZOT",
      "links": [
        [
          "Budapest",
          "Budapest#English"
        ],
        [
          "Danube",
          "Danube"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "Budapest"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Hungarian ellipses",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ellipsis of Budapest"
      ],
      "id": "en-Pest-hu-name-1Rv6Upq9",
      "links": [
        [
          "Budapest",
          "Budapest#Hungarian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(informal, loosely) ellipsis of Budapest"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "broadly",
        "ellipsis",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "hu",
          "name": "Counties of Hungary",
          "orig": "hu:Counties of Hungary",
          "parents": [
            "Counties",
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "hu",
          "name": "Places in Hungary",
          "orig": "hu:Places in Hungary",
          "parents": [
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "_dis1": "31 8 6 56",
          "sense": "Compound words",
          "word": "Kispest"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "31 8 6 56",
          "sense": "Compound words",
          "word": "Újpest"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an administrative county in central Hungary, surrounding Budapest, often meant to exclude the capital itself."
      ],
      "id": "en-Pest-hu-name-k4u-OjV8",
      "links": [
        [
          "Hungary",
          "Hungary#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpɛʃt]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛʃt"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "hu:+ vármegye"
  ],
  "word": "Pest"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "Pest f",
      "name": "hrx-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "Pest"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "Pest"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Hunsrik",
  "lang_code": "hrx",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Hunsrik entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "plague"
      ],
      "id": "en-Pest-hrx-noun-KvPexLJp",
      "links": [
        [
          "plague",
          "plague"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpʰeʃt/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eʃt"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Pest"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English proper nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Hungarian",
    "English terms derived from Hungarian",
    "English terms derived from Old Church Slavonic",
    "English terms with homophones",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛst",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛst/1 syllable",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛʃt",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛʃt/1 syllable",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Marathi translations",
    "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "hu",
        "3": "Pest"
      },
      "expansion": "Hungarian Pest",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cu",
        "3": "пещь",
        "4": "",
        "5": "furnace, oven"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Church Slavonic пещь (peštĭ, “furnace, oven”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Ofen",
        "3": "",
        "4": "Buda",
        "lit": "oven"
      },
      "expansion": "German Ofen (“Buda”, literally “oven”)",
      "name": "ncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Hungarian Pest, ultimately from Old Church Slavonic пещь (peštĭ, “furnace, oven”). Compare German Ofen (“Buda”, literally “oven”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Pesth",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Pest",
      "name": "en-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with historical senses"
      ],
      "coordinate_terms": [
        {
          "word": "Buda"
        },
        {
          "word": "Óbuda"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One of the originally three separate cities that were united in 1873 to become the Hungarian capital, Budapest."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "separate",
          "separate"
        ],
        [
          "cities",
          "city"
        ],
        [
          "Hungarian",
          "Hungarian"
        ],
        [
          "capital",
          "capital"
        ],
        [
          "Budapest",
          "Budapest"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) One of the originally three separate cities that were united in 1873 to become the Hungarian capital, Budapest."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Places in Budapest",
        "en:Places in Hungary"
      ],
      "coordinate_terms": [
        {
          "word": "Buda"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              162,
              166
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2014 January 30, Seth Kugel, “Wintertime Bargains in Budapest”, in The New York Times:",
          "text": "On a drizzly mid-January evening, I stood at the arches of the wall of Buda Castle, overlooking the Danube and the 19th-century Chain Bridge that links Buda with Pest.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The corresponding part of the current-day city of Budapest, on the eastern side of the Danube."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Budapest",
          "Budapest#English"
        ],
        [
          "Danube",
          "Danube"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Counties of Hungary",
        "en:Places in Hungary"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A county in central Hungary, surrounding Budapest."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "county",
          "county"
        ],
        [
          "Hungary",
          "Hungary#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛst/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛʃt/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛst"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛʃt"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "pest"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "area of Budapest — see also Budapest",
      "word": "Pest"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "lang_code": "hu",
      "sense": "area of Budapest — see also Budapest",
      "word": "Pest"
    },
    {
      "code": "mr",
      "lang": "Marathi",
      "lang_code": "mr",
      "roman": "peśta",
      "sense": "area of Budapest — see also Budapest",
      "word": "पेश्त"
    },
    {
      "code": "ota",
      "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
      "lang_code": "ota",
      "roman": "Peşte",
      "sense": "area of Budapest — see also Budapest",
      "word": "پشته"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "lang_code": "tr",
      "sense": "area of Budapest — see also Budapest",
      "word": "Peşte"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Pest"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "German entries with incorrect language header",
    "German feminine nouns",
    "German lemmas",
    "German neuter nouns",
    "German nouns",
    "German proper nouns",
    "German terms borrowed from Latin",
    "German terms derived from Latin",
    "German terms derived from Middle French",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:German/ɛst",
    "Rhymes:German/ɛst/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "Beulenpest"
    },
    {
      "word": "Geflügelpest"
    },
    {
      "word": "Hühnerpest"
    },
    {
      "word": "Lungenpest"
    },
    {
      "word": "Ölpest"
    },
    {
      "word": "pestartig"
    },
    {
      "word": "Pestbeule"
    },
    {
      "word": "Pestepidemie"
    },
    {
      "word": "Rinderpest"
    },
    {
      "word": "Schweinepest"
    },
    {
      "word": "verpesten"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "pestis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pestis",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "peste"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French peste",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmh",
        "2": "pestilencie"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German pestilencie",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "pestilentia"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pestilentia",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "16th century, from Latin pestis, in part through Middle French peste. Popular shortening of Middle High German pestilencie (14th c.), from related Latin pestilentia, may also have contributed (though this is impossible to prove).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Pest",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pesten",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "de-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pesten",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pesten",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pesten",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "plural",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pesten",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f,en􂀿rare􂁀"
      },
      "expansion": "Pest f (genitive Pest, plural (rare) Pesten)",
      "name": "de-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f,en􂀿rare􂁀"
      },
      "name": "de-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "Pestilenz"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "German terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              10
            ]
          ],
          "english": "The plague devastated especially towns and cities.",
          "text": "Die Pest wütete besonders in den Städten.",
          "translation": "The plague devastated especially towns and cities.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bubonic plague, the plague"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bubonic plague",
          "bubonic plague"
        ],
        [
          "plague",
          "plague"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(usually definite) bubonic plague, the plague"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "Beulenpest"
        },
        {
          "word": "Schwarzer Tod"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "feminine",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "any of various unrelated epidemic diseases affecting animals"
      ],
      "hyponyms": [
        {
          "word": "Geflügelpest"
        },
        {
          "word": "Hasenpest"
        },
        {
          "word": "Rinderpest"
        },
        {
          "word": "Schweinepest"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "epidemic",
          "epidemic"
        ],
        [
          "disease",
          "disease"
        ],
        [
          "animal",
          "animal"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(in compounds) any of various unrelated epidemic diseases affecting animals"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "in-compounds"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "German terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              2,
              6
            ]
          ],
          "english": "oil spill",
          "text": "Ölpest",
          "translation": "oil spill",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              6,
              10
            ]
          ],
          "english": "drug plague",
          "text": "Drogenpest",
          "translation": "drug plague",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "anything that negatively affects vast areas, especially a natural disaster"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "natural",
          "natural"
        ],
        [
          "disaster",
          "disaster"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) anything that negatively affects vast areas, especially a natural disaster"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "Seuche"
        },
        {
          "word": "Plage"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "German informal terms",
        "German terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              12,
              18
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              18,
              22
            ]
          ],
          "english": "a choice between the devil and the deep blue sea",
          "literal_meaning": "between the plague and cholera",
          "text": "die Wahl zwischen Pest und Cholera",
          "translation": "a choice between the devil and the deep blue sea",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              26,
              32
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              24,
              28
            ]
          ],
          "english": "That’s something I really loathe.",
          "literal_meaning": "something I hate like the plague.",
          "text": "Sowas hasse ich wie die Pest.",
          "translation": "That’s something I really loathe.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "anything terrible or odious"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "terrible",
          "terrible"
        ],
        [
          "odious",
          "odious"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative, informal) anything terrible or odious"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "figuratively",
        "informal"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛst/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "De-Pest.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f4/De-Pest.ogg/De-Pest.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/De-Pest.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛst"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Pest"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "German entries with incorrect language header",
    "German lemmas",
    "German neuter nouns",
    "German proper nouns",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Pests",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pest",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "with-article"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "toponym"
      },
      "expansion": "Pest n (proper noun, genitive Pests or (optionally with an article) Pest)",
      "name": "de-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "de:Places in Budapest",
        "de:Places in Hungary"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Pest (a quarter in Budapest, Hungary)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Pest",
          "Pest#English"
        ],
        [
          "Budapest",
          "Budapest#English"
        ],
        [
          "Hungary",
          "Hungary#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "proper-noun"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "de:Counties of Hungary",
        "de:Places in Hungary"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Pest (a county of Hungary)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Pest",
          "Pest#English"
        ],
        [
          "county",
          "county"
        ],
        [
          "Hungary",
          "Hungary#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "proper-noun"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛst/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛʃt/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Pest"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Hungarian lemmas",
    "Hungarian links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Hungarian links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Hungarian proper nouns",
    "Hungarian terms borrowed from Old Church Slavonic",
    "Hungarian terms derived from Old Church Slavonic",
    "Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛʃt",
    "Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛʃt/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "pesti"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Compound words",
      "word": "Kispest"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Compound words",
      "word": "Újpest"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hu",
        "2": "cu",
        "3": "пещь",
        "4": "",
        "5": "furnace, oven"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic пещь (peštĭ, “furnace, oven”)",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hu",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*peťь"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *peťь",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic пещь (peštĭ, “furnace, oven”), from Proto-Slavic *peťь.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hu-infl-nom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestet",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestnek",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pesttel",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestért",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "causal-final",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "causal-final",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestté",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestig",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestként",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive-formal",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive-formal",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive-modal",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive-modal",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestben",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pesten",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "superessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "superessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestnél",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestbe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestre",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "sublative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "sublative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pesthez",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestből",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestről",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "delative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "delative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pesttől",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pesté",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestéi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pested",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestje",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestünk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestetek",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Pestjük",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-single",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessed-many",
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hu",
        "2": "proper noun"
      },
      "expansion": "Pest",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "Pest"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Peste",
        "2": "e",
        "n": "sg"
      },
      "name": "hu-infl-nom"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Hungarian",
  "lang_code": "hu",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Hungarian terms with historical senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One of the originally three separate cities that were united in 1873 to become the Hungarian capital, Budapest."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Budapest",
          "Budapest"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) One of the originally three separate cities that were united in 1873 to become the Hungarian capital, Budapest."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "hu:Places in Budapest",
        "hu:Places in Hungary"
      ],
      "coordinate_terms": [
        {
          "word": "Buda"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The corresponding part of current-day Budapest, on the eastern side of the Danube."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Budapest",
          "Budapest#English"
        ],
        [
          "Danube",
          "Danube"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "Budapest"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Hungarian ellipses",
        "Hungarian informal terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "ellipsis of Budapest"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Budapest",
          "Budapest#Hungarian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(informal, loosely) ellipsis of Budapest"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "broadly",
        "ellipsis",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "hu:Counties of Hungary",
        "hu:Places in Hungary"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an administrative county in central Hungary, surrounding Budapest, often meant to exclude the capital itself."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Hungary",
          "Hungary#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈpɛʃt]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛʃt"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "hu:+ vármegye"
  ],
  "word": "Pest"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "Pest f",
      "name": "hrx-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "Pest"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "Pest"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Hunsrik",
  "lang_code": "hrx",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Hunsrik 1-syllable words",
        "Hunsrik entries with incorrect language header",
        "Hunsrik feminine nouns",
        "Hunsrik lemmas",
        "Hunsrik nouns",
        "Hunsrik terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages with 4 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Rhymes:Hunsrik/eʃt",
        "Rhymes:Hunsrik/eʃt/1 syllable"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "plague"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "plague",
          "plague"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpʰeʃt/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eʃt"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Pest"
}

Download raw JSONL data for Pest meaning in All languages combined (18.0kB)

{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "Pest"
  ],
  "section": "Hungarian",
  "subsection": "proper noun",
  "title": "Pest",
  "trace": "started on line 91, detected on line 91"
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'non-attributive possessive – singular'",
  "path": [
    "Pest"
  ],
  "section": "Hungarian",
  "subsection": "proper noun",
  "title": "Pest",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'non-attributive possessive – plural'",
  "path": [
    "Pest"
  ],
  "section": "Hungarian",
  "subsection": "proper noun",
  "title": "Pest",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
  "path": [
    "Pest"
  ],
  "section": "Hungarian",
  "subsection": "proper noun",
  "title": "Pest",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-19 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (d1270d2 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.